Qinisa umgca wokhuselo wokwahlulwa kwamandla ukuze kukhuselwe ukhuseleko lwemisebenzi yolondolozo

Qinisa umgca wokhuselo wokwahlulwa kwamandla ukuze kukhuselwe ukhuseleko lwemisebenzi yolondolozo
Ukuqinisa umgca wokhuselo wokwahlulwa kwamandla kunye nokukhusela ukhuseleko lwemisebenzi yolondolozo - Ukukhuthaza utshintsho kulawulo lokhuseleko ukusuka ekuphathweni emva kwesiganeko ukuya ekuthinteleni kwangaphambi kwesiganeko ngokusebenzisa imigangatho kwimimandla emininzi
“Kwi-energy yombane, yoomatshini, neyekhemikhali… Onke amandla ayingozi kufuneka ahlukaniswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye aqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe ukulungiswa!” Kwintlanganiso yokukhuthaza ukhuseleko kwishishini lokushicilela kwiSithili saseTongzhou, kwisiXeko saseNantong, kwiPhondo laseJiangsu, amagosa omthetho avela kwisebe lolawulo lwengxamiseko abonise ngokusebenzisa ukulinganisa kubaphathi bamashishini abangaphezu kwe-150 amanqaku aphambili okusebenza kokwahlulwa kwamandla. Okwangoku, ukusuka kwiipaki zoshishino zeekhemikhali ukuya kwiindawo zokusebenzela zokuvelisa, ukusuka ekunyusweni kwinqanaba lesithili ukuya ekulungisweni okukhethekileyo kweshishini, ukwahlulwa kwamandla, njengendlela ephambili yokuthintela iingozi zokugcinwa kwezixhobo, kuba “ngumgca wokuqala wokuzikhusela” kulawulo lokhuseleko, kukhuthaza utshintsho ukusuka “ekuphathweni emva kwesiganeko” ukuya “ekuthintelweni kwangaphambi kwesiganeko”.
Imigangatho yokuqala: Ukucacisa imigangatho yokusebenza "yokugubungela amandla apheleleyo"
“Ukwahlulwa kwamandla akupheleli nje ekuvaleni iivalvu nokunqumla umbane; kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ulawulo olupheleleyo lwamandla onke ayingozi njengamandla ombane, amandla oomatshini, amandla obushushu, kunye namandla eekhemikhali.” Ingcali efanelekileyo evela kwi-China Chemical Safety Association yazise ukuba ngaphambili, ngenxa yokuhlulwa okungaphelelanga kunye nokuqinisekiswa okunganelanga, amandla agciniweyo ayekhutshwa ngengozi, nto leyo ebangela iingozi. Ke ngoko, imigangatho yeqela efana “neMigqaliselo yoKuphunyezwa koKwahlulwa kwamandla kwiiShishini zeeKhemikhali” (T/CCSAS 013-2022) yakhutshwa ngokulandelelana, ichaza ngokucacileyo isigama, uxanduva, kunye neenkqubo zokusebenzaukwahlulwa kwamandla, enika isikhokelo esisemgangathweni kumashishini.
Ngokuphathelele uyilo lwenkqubo, imimandla emininzi isebenzise imodeli "yokuchonga amandla apheleleyo + ukwahlulwahlulwa okulinganiselweyo". ISithili saseCangxi kwiPhondo laseSichuan sikhuphe isicwangciso sokuphunyezwa esikhethekileyo, esifuna ukuba amashishini alandele ngokungqongqo "indlela yokusebenza enamanyathelo asixhenxe": ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo imithombo yamandla yezixhobo, ukuvala oomatshini, ukwahlukanisa ngokwasemzimbeni, ukubeka izitshixo kunye neelebheli, ukukhulula amandla agciniweyo, ukwenza uqinisekiso lokuhlukaniswa, kunye nokususa izitshixo. Oku kwenza ulawulo oluvaliweyo. Kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamandla, amanyathelo okuhlukaniswa aneenkcukacha achaziwe: ukwahlulwa kombane kufuna ukunqunyulwa kombane kunye nokukhupha, iinkqubo zemibhobho zisebenzisa "iivalvu ezimbini kunye neepleyiti ezingaboniyo" zokwahlukanisa, izixhobo zoomatshini zisebenzisa ukuvimba ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ukubambelela ukuqinisekisa "uhlobo olunye lwamandla luhambelana nesicwangciso sokuhlukaniswa esinye". Kwangaxeshanye, umgaqo "womntu omnye isitshixo esinye, isitshixo esinikezelweyo sokusetyenziswa okuzinikeleyo" ucacisiwe ngokucacileyo, kwaye akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukuba abantu abaninzi babelane ngezitshixo zokutshixa. Iilebheli mazibonise ngokucacileyo igama lesixhobo, ilokha, umntu ophetheyo, ixesha lokusebenza, kunye nolwazi loqhagamshelwano olungxamisekileyo, okuvumela ukulandelelwa kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwemisebenzi.
Imigangatho yeemeko zokusebenza ezikhethekileyo ingqongqo ngakumbi. Ngokweemfuno ze-"Safety Specifications for Special Operations in Chemical Production Units" (GB 30871), imisebenzi efana nomsebenzi oshushu kunye nendawo evalekileyo akufuneki ixhomekeke kuphela kwiivalvu zokuvala ukuze ivalwe; iindlela ezinokuthenjwa ezifana nemiqobo ebonakalayo kufuneka zamkelwe ukuthintela izinto eziyingozi okanye amandla ukuba angangeni kwindawo yokusebenza. Isithili saseTongzhou sikwafuna amashishini okushicilela ukuba aseke iiledger zokugcinwa kwezixhobo nge-elektroniki kunye nokuhlolwa, kubandakanya ukuphunyezwa kokwahlulwa kwamandla kulawulo lweledger, ukufezekisa "isicwangciso ngaphambi komsebenzi, ukubeka iliso ngexesha lomsebenzi, kunye neerekhodi emva komsebenzi".