Ukutshixa, ukumaka nokulawula amandla ayingozi kwindawo yokusebenzela

I-OSHA iyalela abasebenzi bokulungisa ukuba batshixe, babeke uphawu, kwaye balawule imithombo yamandla eyingozi. Abanye abantu abazi ukuba bathathe njani eli nyathelo, yonke imashini yahlukile. Getty Images

Phakathi kwabantu abasebenzisa naluphi na uhlobo lwezixhobo zoshishino,ukutshixa/ukuthega (iLOTO)Akukho nto intsha. Ngaphandle kokuba umbane ucinyiwe, akukho mntu unesibindi sokwenza naluphi na uhlobo lolondolozo oluqhelekileyo okanye azame ukulungisa umatshini okanye inkqubo. Oku kuyimfuneko nje yengqiqo kunye noLawulo loKhuseleko kunye nezeMpilo eMsebenzini (OSHA).

Ngaphambi kokuba wenze imisebenzi yokulungisa okanye ukulungisa, kulula ukuqhawula umatshini kumthombo wawo wamandla—ngokudla ngokucima i-circuit breaker—uze utshixe ucango lwephaneli ye-circuit breaker. Ukongeza ilebhile echaza iingcali zokulungisa ngamagama nayo yinto elula.

Ukuba umbane awukwazi ukutshixwa, kungasetyenziswa ilebheli kuphela. Nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, nokuba inetshixo okanye ayinayo, ilebheli ibonisa ukuba ukugcinwa kuyaqhubeka kwaye isixhobo asisebenzi.

Nangona kunjalo, oku akupheleli nje kwilotho. Injongo iyonke asikokuqhawula umthombo wamandla nje kuphela. Injongo kukusebenzisa okanye ukukhulula onke amandla ayingozi ngokwemigaqo ye-OSHA, ukulawula amandla ayingozi.

Isarha eqhelekileyo ibonisa iingozi ezimbini zexeshana. Emva kokuba isarha icinyiwe, i-saw blade iya kuqhubeka isebenza imizuzwana embalwa, kwaye iya kuma kuphela xa amandla agcinwe kwimoto ephelile. I-blade iya kuhlala ishushu imizuzu embalwa de ubushushu buphele.

Njengokuba iisarha zigcina amandla oomatshini kunye nobushushu, umsebenzi wokusebenzisa oomatshini bemizi-mveliso (umbane, i-hydraulic kunye ne-pneumatic) unokugcina amandla ixesha elide. Kuxhomekeke kubuchule bokuvala benkqubo ye-hydraulic okanye ye-pneumatic, okanye amandla esekethe, amandla anokugcinwa ixesha elide elimangalisayo.

Iimatshini ezahlukeneyo zoshishino kufuneka zisebenzise amandla amaninzi. I-AISI 1010 yentsimbi eqhelekileyo inokumelana namandla okugoba afikelela kwi-45,000 PSI, ngoko ke iimatshini ezifana neebhuleki zokucinezela, ii-punches, ii-punches, kunye nee-pipe benders kufuneka zidlulise amandla ngeeyunithi zeetoni. Ukuba isekethe enika amandla inkqubo yepompo ye-hydraulic ivaliwe kwaye iqhagamshelwe, inxalenye ye-hydraulic yenkqubo isenokukwazi ukubonelela nge-45,000 PSI. Kwiimatshini ezisebenzisa ii-molds okanye ii-blades, oku kwanele ukutyumza okanye ukunqumla amalungu.

Ilori yebhakethi evaliweyo enebhakethi emoyeni iyingozi njengelori yebhakethi engavaliweyo. Vula ivalvu engalunganga kwaye umxhuzulane uya kuthatha indawo. Ngokufanayo, inkqubo ye-pneumatic inokugcina amandla amaninzi xa icinyiwe. I-pipe bender ephakathi inokufunxa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-150 amperes yamandla ombane. Intliziyo inokuyeka ukubetha.

Ukukhupha okanye ukunciphisa amandla ngokukhuselekileyo linyathelo elibalulekileyo emva kokucima umbane kunye neLOTO. Ukukhupha okanye ukusebenzisa amandla ayingozi ngokukhuselekileyo kufuna ukuqonda imigaqo yenkqubo kunye neenkcukacha zomatshini ekufuneka zigcinwe okanye zilungiswe.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeenkqubo ze-hydraulic: i-open loop kunye ne-closed loop. Kwimeko-bume yemizi-mveliso, iintlobo zepompo eziqhelekileyo ziigiya, ii-vanes, kunye neepiston. Isilinda sesixhobo esisebenzayo sinokuba sisebenza kanye okanye sisebenza kabini. Iinkqubo ze-hydraulic zinokuba nazo naziphi na iintlobo ezintathu zeevalvu-ulawulo olubhekiselele kwicala, ulawulo lokuhamba, kunye nolawulo loxinzelelo-nganye kwezi ntlobo ineentlobo ezininzi. Zininzi izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo uhlobo ngalunye lwento ukuze kupheliswe iingozi ezinxulumene namandla.

UJay Robinson, umnini kunye nomongameli weRbSA Industrial, uthe: “I-hydraulic actuator isenokuqhutywa yivalvu yokuvala egcweleyo.” “Ivalvu yesolenoid ivula ivalvu. Xa inkqubo isebenza, ulwelo lwehydraulic luhamba luye kwizixhobo xa zixinezelekile kwaye luye kwitanki xa zixinezelekile,” utshilo. . “Ukuba inkqubo ivelisa i-2,000 PSI kwaye umbane ucinyiwe, isolenoid iya kuya kwindawo esembindini ize ivale zonke iiports. Ioyile ayinakuhamba kwaye umatshini uyayeka, kodwa inkqubo inokuba ne-1,000 PSI kwicala ngalinye levalvu.”