Isilumkiso seTyala: Ixabiso elibi lokungazahluli

Isilumkiso seTyala: Ixabiso elibi lokungazahluli

Ukubaluleka kokuhlukaniswa kwamandla kuye kwabonakala ngakumbi kwizifundo ezifunyenwe kwiingozi ezininzi. NgoSeptemba 2020, ngexesha lokulungiswa kwendawo yokuhluza eSingapore, ngenxa yokusilela kwenkqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwamandla, abasebenzi bafake iipleyiti ezingaboniyo ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa ngokupheleleyo kwemibhobho, nto leyo eyabangela ukuvuza ngequbuliso kwegesi ye-hydrogen sulfide kunye nolwelo oluyingozi, okwabangela ukufa komntu omnye kunye nokwenzakala kwaba-2. Umphathi owakhupha imvume yokusebenza wagwetywa ngolwaphulo-mthetho olungakhathaliyo. Uphando lwengozi lutyhile ukuba imvume yokusebenza ayizange iqinisekise imeko yokuhlukaniswa kwayo yonke imibhobho, kwaye eminye imithombo yamandla ayizange ilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo, ekugqibeleni yakhokelela kwisiphumo esibuhlungu.
Amatyala afanayo eTshayina nawo ayamangalisa. Kwishishini leekhemikhali ngexesha lokugcinwa kwenqanawa yokusabela, ivalvu yokungena kuphela yayivalwe ngaphandle kokufaka iipleyiti ezingaboniyo, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba izinto ezisele zeekhemikhali zenze ngengozi zikhuphe iigesi ezinobuthi, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba abasebenzi abathathu batyhefwe; kwifektri yokucubungula oomatshini ngexesha lokugcinwa kwe-punch press, amandla anokubakho entwasahlobo awakhululwa, kwaye izixhobo zaqala ngokutsha ngequbuliso, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba umqhubi alimale kakhulu. “Zonke ezi ngozi zabelana ngemvelaphi efanayo: amanyathelo okunganeli kwamandla okwahlula amandla, kunye nokulindela okunganelanga iingozi zamandla ezigciniweyo.” Amagosa omthetho okhuseleko kwiSebe loLawulo lweeNgxamiseko athi i-90% yeengozi zokugcinwa kwezixhobo zinxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nokungathotyelwa kokwahlulwa kwamandla, nto leyo eyimbangela ephambili yokuqinisa ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo.
Ezi zifundo zibuhlungu ziye zanyanzela amashishini ukuba anikele ingqalelo. URan Lang, umntu ophethe iMa Textile Co., Ltd. eCangxi County, uvumile wathi: “Ngaphambili, besicinga ukuba ukucima umbane kwanele, kodwa ngoku siyaqonda ukuba ukwahlukanisa, ukuqinisekiswa, kunye nokuphawula konke kubalulekile, okufana nokubeka isitshixo sokhuseleko kwishishini kunye nabasebenzi balo.”
Isiphumo Sokuphunyezwa: Ukusuka ku-"Kufuneka Uzimele" ukuya ku-"Ndifuna Ukuzimela"
“Nceda ubonise ithikithi yomsebenzi wokwahlulwa kwamandla kunye neerekhodi zokuqinisekisa.” Kwindawo yoshishino lweekhemikhali, abahloli bokhuseleko bajonga ukufakwa kwezixhobo zokwahlulwa, ukusetyenziswa kwezitshixo, kunye nokubekwa kweempawu kumgangatho ofanayo, ngokuchasene noluhlu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kwemigangatho, iindawo ezininzi ziseke indlela yokukhuthaza “uqeqesho + ulwalathiso + uvavanyo” ukuguqula ukwahlulwa kwamandla ukusuka “kwiimfuno zolawulo” ukuya “kwingqiqo yesenzo”.
Kwinqanaba loqeqesho, imimandla eyahlukeneyo iqhuba uqeqesho olukhethekileyo "ngaphakathi kwamashishini, iiworkshop zangaphakathi, kunye nezikhundla zangaphakathi", isebenzisa iindlela ezifana nohlalutyo lwamatyala, imisebenzi yokulinganisa, kunye nemiboniso kwindawo yokusebenzela ukuphucula amandla okusebenza asebenzayo abasebenzi. ISithili saseCangxi siququzelele iinkokheli zamashishini ezingama-70 ukuba zenze uqheliso kwindawo yokusebenzela kwiintlobo ezi-5 zeemeko zokusetyenziswa kwezitshixo, ukuqonda amakhonkco abalulekileyo afana nokuchonga amandla ayingozi, ukufaka izitshixo, kunye nokugcwalisa imiqondiso; Iikhosi zoqeqesho lolawulo lokhuseleko loomatshini ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kwiSithili saseTongzhou kwishishini lokushicilela, zigxile ekuchazeni inkqubo emiselweyo yokwahlulwa kwamandla. Okwangoku, iiseshoni zoqeqesho olukhethekileyo ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 zokwahlulwa kwamandla ziye zabanjwa kwiindawo ezininzi, zigubungela amashumi amawaka amashishini.
Kwicandelo lokubeka esweni novavanyo, amasebe omthetho asebenzisa iindlela ezinje “ngokutyelela kane kunye nokutyelela kabini ngokuthe ngqo”, kunye nokuhlola okunqamlezileyo, ukwandisa ubukhali bokuhlolwa kokuphunyezwa kokwahlulwa kwamandla. Kumashishini angaphumeleliyo ukuphumeza ukwahlulwa kwamandla njengoko kufuneka okanye angenalo uqinisekiso olwaneleyo, akhupha izaziso zokulungisa kwaye enze uhlolo kwakhona ngexesha elibekiweyo; kwabo bangavumiyo ukulungisa okanye abasilelayo ukwenza njalo, babeka izohlwayo eziqatha ngokuhambelana nomthetho. Isithili saseCangxi siquke ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo kuvavanyo lwemveliso yokhuseleko lweshishini, sikhuthaza abasebenzi abaphambili ukuba baphuhlise imikhwa yokusebenza eqhelekileyo nesemgangathweni; eminye imimandla ikwadibanise ukuthobela ukwahlulwa kwamandla kunye novavanyo lwekhredithi yeshishini, amabhaso, kunye nokunyuswa, okwenza umqobo onzima.
Idatha Ingqina Iziphumo:Ukusukela oko iSithili saseCangxi saqalisa ukumisela umgangatho wokwahlulwa kwamandla, inani leengozi zokugcinwa kwezixhobo liye lehla ngama-67%; iSithili saseTongzhou silinciphisile kakhulu inani leengozi ezifihlakeleyo ezibangelwa kukungalawuleki kwamandla kwishishini lokushicilela, kwaye inqanaba lolawulo lokhuseleko laso liphucuke kakhulu. Amashishini amaninzi ayaqonda ukuba ukwahlulwa kwamandla akusiwo "umthwalo owongezelelweyo", kodwa "yindlela yokusindisa ubomi". Igosa lokhuseleko kwishishini leekhemikhali lathi: "Emva kokuphumeza ngokungqongqoukwahlulwa kwamandlainkqubo, asizange sibe neengozi zokhuseleko lokugcinwa iminyaka emibini ilandelelana, nto leyo eyinzuzo yokhuseleko esebenzayo.” Okulandelayo, zonke iingingqi ziya kuqhubeka nokuqinisa ukukhuthazwa kwenkqubo yokwahlulwa kwamandla, zigxile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba amashishini amancinci naphakathi kunye namashishini akude ayahlangabezana neemfuno ezisemgangathweni. Kwangaxeshanye, amashishini aya kukhuthazwa ukuba avelise ubuchwepheshe bokwahlulwa kwaye akhuthaze iindlela ezisekelwe kulwazi ezifana nokutshixa okuhlakaniphileyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa okukude, okwenza ukwahlulwa kwamandla kube ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo. Njengoko imigangatho iqhubeka nokuphucula kwaye ukuphunyezwa kwayo kuqiniswa ngakumbi, ukwahlulwa kwamandla kuya kuba “ngumqobo oqinileyo” okhusela ubomi kunye nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi, kwaye kuya kubeka isiseko esiqinileyo semveliso ekhuselekileyo kwinkqubo yophuhliso olusemgangathweni ophezulu.